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Emerging treatment options for type 2 diabetes
Milan K Piya1, Abd A Tahrani, Anthony H Barnett
1Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK. Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|September 14, 2010
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management is evolving with new therapies like incretin-based treatments (DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists) offering improved glycemic control. Emerging options and bariatric surgery also show promise for T2DM treatment progression.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global health concern requiring progressive treatment strategies.
- Existing T2DM pharmacotherapies often present side effects like weight gain and hypoglycemia, with limited impact on disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and novel therapeutic approaches for managing Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- To compare the efficacy and side effect profiles of various T2DM treatments.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing and emerging T2DM treatments.
- Analysis of incretin-based therapies, including DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists.
- Consideration of bariatric surgery and other investigational therapies (SGLT-2 inhibitors, etc.).
Main Results:
- Incretin-based therapies improve glycemic control with low hypoglycemia risk.
- DPP-4 inhibitors are oral and weight-neutral; GLP-1 agonists are injectable, promote weight loss, and may increase beta cell mass.
- Bariatric surgery normalizes blood glucose in over half of obese T2DM patients.
Conclusions:
- Newer therapies offer improved T2DM management with better safety profiles.
- GLP-1 agonists and bariatric surgery present significant benefits for T2DM patients, including weight management.
- Ongoing research into novel agents like SGLT-2 inhibitors promises further advancements in T2DM treatment.
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