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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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[Dermatitis herpetiformis].

Bertrand Lioger1, Marie-Christine Machet, Laurent Machet

  • 1CHRU de Tours, service de dermatologie, 37044 Tours cedex, France. Lioger.bertrand@wanadoo.fr

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|September 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dermatitis herpetiformis is an autoimmune blistering skin disease linked to gluten sensitivity. Diagnosis involves skin biopsy and IgA deposition, with a gluten-free diet being the primary treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunodermatology
  • Autoimmune Blistering Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Context:

  • Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic autoimmune blistering skin condition.
  • It is strongly associated with celiac disease and gluten sensitivity.
  • DH presents with characteristic pruritic vesicles and bullae on extensor surfaces.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of Dermatitis herpetiformis.
  • To highlight the association between DH, gluten sensitivity, and HLA-DQ2/HLA-DQ8.
  • To discuss diagnostic criteria including direct immunofluorescence and histopathology.

Summary:

  • DH pathogenesis involves a genetic predisposition (HLA-DQ2/DQ8) and environmental triggers, primarily gluten.
  • Diagnostic hallmarks include IgA deposition in dermal papillae on direct immunofluorescence and neutrophil microabscesses.
  • Clinical presentation involves intensely pruritic vesicles and bullae on extensor surfaces, with rare gastrointestinal symptoms.

Impact:

  • Accurate diagnosis and management of DH can significantly improve patient quality of life.
  • Identifying gluten sensitivity is crucial for long-term health and preventing complications like lymphoma.
  • Understanding the autoimmune basis aids in differential diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.