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Related Concept Videos

Drug Distribution: Plasma Protein Binding01:29

Drug Distribution: Plasma Protein Binding

Drugs predominantly attach to plasma proteins, with only a small percentage remaining unbound. The unbound portion can be calculated as one minus the bound fraction. Acidic drugs form large, inactive complexes by reversibly binding to plasma albumin, which prevents them from diffusing across biological barriers. These drug-protein complexes act as reservoirs for the drugs. As the concentration of unbound drugs decreases, these complexes quickly dissociate to release the free drug, maintaining...

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Oxidative modifications impair albumin quantification.

Regina Michelis1, Batya Kristal, Tamara Snitkovsky

  • 1Eliachar Research Laboratory, Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya, Israel. Regina.Michelis@naharia.health.gov.il

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|September 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients reduces the accurate detection of albumin, a key indicator of malnutrition and inflammation. This suggests that oxidative stress, not just albumin levels, may impact cardiovascular health in these patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Hypoalbuminemia is a marker for malnutrition, inflammation, and mortality in uremia.
  • The role of albumin levels in clinical outcomes for uremic patients remains debated.
  • Oxidative stress and hypoalbuminemia coexist in hemodialysis patients, suggesting a link.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if oxidative modifications of albumin affect its detection and quantification in hemodialysis patients.
  • To explore the relationship between oxidative stress markers and albumin detection efficacy.
  • To assess the functional impact of albumin oxidation on oncotic pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an "albumin-detection index" (BCG read-out/total albumin) in hemodialysis patients and controls.
  • Assessed albumin detection in vitro after various oxidation methods (glycoxidation, HOCl, metal-catalyzed).
  • Measured oncotic pressure to evaluate albumin function post-oxidation.

Main Results:

  • Hemodialialysis patients showed a significantly lower albumin-detection index than controls.
  • The index correlated negatively with oxidative stress markers (AOPP, glycoxidized albumin).
  • In vitro oxidation also decreased the albumin-detection index.

Conclusions:

  • Decreased detection of oxidized albumin by the BCG assay was observed both in vivo and in vitro.
  • This provides a molecular link between oxidative stress and apparent hypoalbuminemia.
  • Oxidative stress, indicated by hypoalbuminemia, may be more relevant to cardiovascular outcomes than albumin levels alone in hemodialysis patients.