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Published on: May 5, 2022
Mitochondrial dysfunction and pathology in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
Hayley B Clay1, Stephanie Sillivan, Christine Konradi
1Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Summary
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in bipolar disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SZ), severe mental illnesses. Research explores mitochondrial roles in brain development and treatment effects, crucial for understanding these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Bipolar disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are prevalent psychiatric disorders.
- Energy metabolism disturbances are common in BPD and SZ.
- Evidence suggests mitochondrial dysfunction underlies these psychiatric conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review genetic and physiological aspects of mitochondria.
- To present evidence for mitochondrial abnormalities in BPD and SZ.
- To discuss mitochondria's role in brain development and the impact of psychiatric medications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of genetic and physiological studies.
- Analysis of evidence for mitochondrial abnormalities in BPD and SZ.
- Examination of mitochondrial roles in neurodevelopment and drug effects.
Main Results:
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is evidenced by decreased respiration, altered morphology, and increased mtDNA mutations.
- Downregulation of nuclear genes involved in respiration and reduced brain energy phosphates are observed.
- Mitochondrial disorders can cause psychiatric and cognitive symptoms; relevant mouse models exist.
Conclusions:
- Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant factor in the pathophysiology of BPD and SZ.
- Understanding mitochondrial roles is vital for elucidating psychiatric disorder mechanisms.
- Further research into mitochondria may reveal novel therapeutic targets for BPD and SZ.
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