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Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
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Lexical access changes in patients with multiple sclerosis: a two-year follow-up study.

Jorge Sepulcre1, Herminia Peraita, Joaquin Goni

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, CIMA University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
|September 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients show impaired lexical access, particularly in switching strategies during verbal fluency tests. Over time, retrieval difficulties worsen, impacting high-level communication skills.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Cognitive impairments, including language deficits, are common in MS.
  • Understanding lexical access in MS is crucial for assessing communication abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze lexical access strategies in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To investigate changes in lexical access over a 2-year period.
  • To differentiate between lexical pool impairment and retrieval difficulties in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 45 MS patients and 20 healthy controls.
  • Assessment of lexical access during semantic and phonemic verbal fluency tests.
  • Evaluation of confrontation naming performance.
  • 2-year follow-up to track changes.

Main Results:

  • MS patients exhibited significant impairments in switching lexical access strategies and confrontation naming at baseline compared to controls.
  • Over 2 years, the switching score decreased, and cluster size increased in semantic verbal fluency tasks.
  • Findings suggest a decline in lexical information retrieval rather than depletion of the lexical pool.

Conclusions:

  • Lexical access problems are prevalent in MS patients.
  • Impaired retrieval of lexical information significantly affects high-level communication abilities in MS.
  • These findings highlight the importance of assessing and addressing language-related cognitive deficits in MS management.