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Comparison of risk factors of CHD in the men and women with MI

E Ilali1, Z Taraghi

  • 1Department of Medical Surgical, Faculty of Nursing Midwifery, Mazandaran Medical Science University, Vesal Street-Nursing-Midwifery Faculty, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences : PJBS
|September 15, 2010
PubMed

Insights

This study compared heart attack risk factors in male and female patients. Men were more prone to smoking and family history risks, while women had higher rates of hyperlipidemia and diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of mortality in industrialized nations.
  • Risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) can vary based on environmental and racial differences.
  • Understanding sex-specific risk factors is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) between hospitalized male and female patients in the Coronary Care Unit (CCU).
  • To identify prevalent risk factors contributing to MI in different sexes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 169 patients (114 men, 55 women) admitted with MI.
  • Random sampling was employed for patient selection.
  • Data collected via questionnaires included age, blood sugar, cholesterol, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a) (LPa), body mass index (BMI), family history, skin color, smoking status, and activity level. Statistical analysis included t-tests, Chi-square, and Pearson correlation.

Main Results:

  • All participants had risk factors for MI.
  • In men, smoking (52.6%) and family history (41.1%) were the most common risk factors.
  • In women, hyperlipidemia (66.4%), diabetes (62%), and hypertension (58.2%) were most prevalent. Significant relationships (p < 0.001) were found between age/sex and diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and smoking. BMI, LPa, and homocysteine levels differed between sexes, but skin color, homocysteine, LPa, job, personality, and mobility did not show significant relationships with age and sex.

Conclusions:

  • The most frequent MI risk factors in men were smoking and a positive family history.
  • In women, pre-existing hyperlipidemia and diabetes were the most common MI risk factors.
  • Significant associations exist between certain risk factors (diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, smoking) and both age and sex, highlighting the need for sex-specific cardiovascular risk management.

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