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Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
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Using retinal architecture to help characterize multiple sclerosis patients.

Fiona Costello1, William Hodge, Y Irene Pan

  • 1Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. Fiona.Costello@albertahealthservices.ca

Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. Journal Canadien D'Ophtalmologie
|September 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) reveals reduced retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, correlating with visual function deficits. OCT shows promise for characterizing MS progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Characterizing MS progression and disability often involves neurological assessments and visual function tests.
  • Retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, measurable by optical coherence tomography (OCT), is a potential biomarker for neurodegeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare RNFL thickness and visual function in a diverse group of MS patients.
  • To evaluate the utility of OCT in complementing existing methods for MS patient characterization.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional cohort study involving 193 patients with various MS subtypes (CIS, RRMS, SPMS, PPMS).
  • Standardized ophthalmic, neurological, and OCT testing was performed.

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  • Analysis included comparing RNFL values across MS subtypes and correlating RNFL thickness with neurological disability and visual field sensitivity.

    • Main Results:

    • RNFL values were significantly reduced in progressive MS subtypes (PPMS, SPMS) and relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) compared to clinically isolated syndrome (CIS).
    • Eyes with recurrent optic neuritis (ON) showed lower RNFL thickness than those with a single ON event.
    • Strong correlations were observed between RNFL thickness and neurological disability (especially in RRMS) and visual field sensitivity.

    Conclusions:

    • Robust correlations exist between RNFL thickness and visual function in MS patients, particularly those with ON.
    • OCT is a valuable tool that may complement current methods for assessing and characterizing MS.
    • Further research is warranted to fully establish OCT's role in MS management.