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Related Concept Videos

SDS-PAGE01:27

SDS-PAGE

Gel electrophoresis is a method that separates biological macromolecules like nucleic acids or proteins by forcing them to pass through a gel matrix under an electric field.
A variation of gel electrophoresis, termed  polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), is commonly used for separating proteins according to their molecular size by passing them through a polyacrylamide gel. Because of the varying charges associated with amino acid side chains, PAGE can be used to separate intact proteins...
Size-Exclusion Chromatography01:08

Size-Exclusion Chromatography

In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
Silica particles offer advantages such as rigidity,...
Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
DNA Agarose Gel Electrophoresis02:35

DNA Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

Agarose gel electrophoresis is a laboratory technique commonly used to separate DNA fragments by size. However, it can also be used to isolate and purify DNA fragments using a gel extraction protocol.
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Quantitative Analysis of Cell Edge Dynamics during Cell Spreading
10:54

Quantitative Analysis of Cell Edge Dynamics during Cell Spreading

Published on: May 22, 2021

Size separation of macromolecules during spreading.

Michael J Barrett1, Frank C Sun, Alper Nese

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, USA.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Bottle-brush polymers spread slower than linear polymers on surfaces, even with similar weights. This difference in spreading behavior allows for molecular size separation, offering insights into polymer dynamics and friction.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Bottle-brush macromolecules, despite similar molecular weight and chemical composition to linear chains, exhibit distinct spreading dynamics.
  • Understanding macromolecular motion on surfaces is crucial for applications in coatings, adhesives, and nanotechnology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular-scale spreading behavior of bottle-brush and linear poly(n-butylacrylate) macromolecules on a solid substrate.
  • To elucidate the factors governing the differential motion and potential for fractionation of these polymer architectures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to monitor the spreading of homogeneous polymer mixtures on a molecular scale.
  • Analyzed the motion of individual bottle-brush and linear macromolecules during the spreading process.

Main Results:

  • Bottle-brush macromolecules spread significantly slower than linear chains, contrary to expectations based on similar molecular weights.
  • A size-dependent flow behavior was observed for bottle-brushes, with smaller chains moving faster than larger ones.
  • This differential mobility leads to fractionation of macromolecules along the spreading direction.

Conclusions:

  • The observed differences in spreading are attributed to variations in the sliding friction coefficient between bottle-brush and linear chains and the substrate.
  • A theoretical model accurately predicts the molecular size separation phenomenon observed in the experiments.
  • These findings provide fundamental insights into the surface dynamics of complex polymer architectures.