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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Murine Prostate Micro-dissection and Surgical Castration
Published on: May 11, 2016
Sexual steroids in urogynecology
M G F Sartori1, P C Feldner, Z I K Jarmy-Di Bella
1Section of Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua dos Otonis 601 (Vila Clementino), São Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract:
The decline in sex hormone levels that accompanies the menopause has substantial effects on the tissues of the urogenital system, leading to atrophic changes. These changes can have negative effects on sexual and urinary function. The authors evaluate the repercussion of hypoestrogenism and sexual steroids on some elements of the pelvic floor and lower urinary tract. They summarize their research work and review significant published papers. They emphasize the changes in urinary mucosae, periurethral vessels, muscular layer, connective tissue, gene expression, autonomic nervous system receptors, as well as the main clinical aspects involved.
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