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Related Concept Videos

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Sex Linked Disorders01:43

Sex Linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.

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Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting
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[Acquired disorders and epigenetics].

Toshikazu Ushijima1

  • 1Carcinogenesis Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|September 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic alterations, like DNA methylation, are crucial for cellular memory and disease. Research shows these changes are widespread in various disorders, impacting tissue function and disease development.

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Context:

  • Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, are vital for cellular memory, persisting through cell replication.
  • DNA methylation of tumor-suppressor gene promoters can lead to gene silencing, mimicking inactivating mutations and contributing to cancer.
  • Recent findings reveal extensive epigenetic alterations in cancer cells and polyclonal tissues, challenging previous assumptions about their uniformity.

Purpose:

  • To explore the complex nature of epigenetic alterations beyond simple mutations.
  • To investigate the role of epigenetic changes in various acquired chronic disorders.
  • To highlight the involvement of chronic inflammation in inducing DNA methylation.

Summary:

  • Epigenetic alterations are abundant in cancer cells and present in significant cell fractions of non-cancerous tissues.
  • Gene-specific methylation patterns vary by tissue type and inducer, with chronic inflammation playing a key role.
  • These widespread epigenetic changes can impair tissue function and are linked to numerous health conditions.

Impact:

  • Epigenetic alterations are associated with a wide range of disorders, including neurological, metabolic, autoimmune, and mental health conditions.
  • Understanding these alterations is crucial for elucidating their causal roles in disease pathogenesis.
  • Findings pave the way for novel strategies in disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment through epigenetic insights.