Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview01:29

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview

Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview

Genetic polymorphism in drug metabolism is crucial to the inter-individual variability observed in drug responses. Drug metabolism primarily involves the chemical modification of drugs and other xenobiotics to enhance their elimination by increasing their polarity. Two main classes of enzymes mediate this biotransformation process: Phase I enzymes, primarily cytochrome P450s, catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, while other enzymes, such as esterases, mediate hydrolysis, and Phase II...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Insomnia in Breast Cancer: A Neglected Symptom Cluster.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Interplay between HER2-Low status, hormone receptor expression, and therapeutic response to cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors as first-line treatment in luminal-like metastatic breast cancer: The CYCLHER study.

Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland)·2026
Same author

Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the predictive role of DNA damage response biomarkers in TNBC: the NeoCarbo study.

NPJ breast cancer·2026
Same author

Primary adrenal insufficiency induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs): a case series and systematic literature review.

Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders·2026
Same author

Endocrine toxicities in immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined treatment: from clinical trials to real-life practice.

Endocrine·2026
Same author

The Gut Microbiota in Perimenopausal Anxiety: A Novel Therapeutic Pathway Through Diet.

Nutrients·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform
06:21

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform

Published on: May 10, 2024

[Pharmacogenomics and chemotherapy].

Ida Paris1, Gian Carlo Antonini Cappellini, Paola Malaguti

  • 1UOC Oncologia Medica, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, II Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sapienza Università di Roma. ida_paris@yahoo.it

Recenti Progressi in Medicina
|September 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic factors influence chemotherapy effectiveness and toxicity. Analyzing genetic variations in metabolizing enzymes can personalize cancer treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.

More Related Videos

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo
09:19

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 6, 2015

Sample Extraction and Simultaneous Chromatographic Quantitation of Doxorubicin and Mitomycin C Following Drug Combination Delivery in Nanoparticles to Tumor-bearing Mice
08:57

Sample Extraction and Simultaneous Chromatographic Quantitation of Doxorubicin and Mitomycin C Following Drug Combination Delivery in Nanoparticles to Tumor-bearing Mice

Published on: October 5, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform
06:21

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform

Published on: May 10, 2024

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo
09:19

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 6, 2015

Sample Extraction and Simultaneous Chromatographic Quantitation of Doxorubicin and Mitomycin C Following Drug Combination Delivery in Nanoparticles to Tumor-bearing Mice
08:57

Sample Extraction and Simultaneous Chromatographic Quantitation of Doxorubicin and Mitomycin C Following Drug Combination Delivery in Nanoparticles to Tumor-bearing Mice

Published on: October 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Oncology
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Genetic variations impact how individuals metabolize and respond to drugs.
  • Chemotherapy agents like 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), capecitabine, cisplatin, and taxanes are crucial in treating various cancers.
  • Personalized medicine approaches are increasingly important in optimizing cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of genetic factors in predicting chemotherapy efficacy and toxicity.
  • To emphasize the importance of understanding drug metabolism and activity influenced by genetic polymorphisms.
  • To explore how genetic analysis can guide personalized chemotherapy regimens.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pharmacogenetics in cancer treatment.
  • Identification of key chemotherapy drugs and their associated genetic factors.
  • Analysis of how polymorphisms in metabolizing enzymes affect drug response.

Main Results:

  • Genetic polymorphisms can significantly alter the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy drugs.
  • Specific drugs like 5-FU, capecitabine, cisplatin, and taxanes have varying responses based on patient genetics.
  • Pre-treatment genetic profiling offers a strategy for tailoring chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Determining genetic polymorphisms in metabolizing enzymes is vital for optimizing chemotherapy.
  • Personalized treatment strategies based on pharmacogenetics can improve patient outcomes in oncology.
  • Integrating genetic analysis into clinical practice holds promise for advancing cancer care.