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13-Methyltetradecanoic acid induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells
Tianxin Lin1, XinBao Yin, Qingqing Cai
1Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Objective:
13-Methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD), a saturated branched-chain fatty acid purified from soy fermentation products, is known to induce apoptosis in many types of human cancer cells. This study was designed to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in 13-MTD-induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells.
Methods And Materials:
MTT assay was used to investigate the potential effects of 13-MTD on the growth and viability of human bladder cancer cells. To find out whether anti-proliferation and cell death were associated with apoptosis, we used flow cytometry to quantify the extent of apoptosis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay to measures DNA degradation of apoptotic cells. The proteins involved in the 13-MTD induced apoptosis were examined using Western blot.
Results:
We show that 13-MTD inhibits cellular proliferation and viability in human bladder cancer cells, which has been attributed to apoptosis. 13-MTD down-regulates Bcl-2 and up-regulates Bax. This promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, as well as the proteolytic activation of caspases. Moreover, 13-MTD down-regulates AKT phosphorylation and activates phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Up-regulating AKT phosphorylation and down-regulating JNK and P38 phosphorylation could attenuate the13-MTD-induced apoptosis.
Conclusion:
Taken together, these data indicate that 13-MTD induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis through regulation of the AKT and MAPK pathways, suggesting 13-MTD is a potential candidate for treatment of human bladder cancer.
Insights
13-Methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD) from soy induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells by affecting mitochondrial pathways. This fatty acid shows potential for human bladder cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- 13-Methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD), a fatty acid from soy fermentation, induces apoptosis in various cancer cells.
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms of 13-MTD in bladder cancer is crucial for therapeutic development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying 13-Methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD)-induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells.
- To explore the role of specific signaling pathways in 13-MTD's anti-cancer effects.
Main Methods:
- Cell viability and proliferation assessed via MTT assay.
- Apoptosis quantified using flow cytometry and TUNEL assay.
- Protein expression and phosphorylation analyzed by Western blot.
Main Results:
- 13-MTD significantly inhibits bladder cancer cell proliferation and viability, inducing apoptosis.
- 13-MTD modulates Bcl-2/Bax ratio, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation.
- 13-MTD affects AKT, p38, and JNK signaling pathways, influencing apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- 13-MTD triggers mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis via AKT and MAPK pathway regulation.
- 13-MTD demonstrates potential as a therapeutic agent for human bladder cancer.
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