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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
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Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...

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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
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Published on: May 12, 2023

Extracervical approaches to endoscopic thyroid surgery.

Giorgos Papaspyrou1, Alfio Ferlito, Carl E Silver

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Philipp University, Marburg, Germany.

Surgical Endoscopy
|September 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Minimally invasive endoscopic thyroid surgery offers improved cosmetic outcomes by avoiding neck scars. Newer extracervical approaches maintain safety and effectiveness comparable to traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Oncology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Endoscopic Techniques

Background:

  • Growing patient demand for scarless surgical procedures with optimal functional and cosmetic results.
  • Endoscopic techniques have been successfully applied in abdominal and pelvic surgery for decades.
  • Adaptation of endoscopic surgery to neck procedures, particularly thyroidectomy, over the last 15 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and cosmetic outcomes of extracervical endoscopic thyroid surgery.
  • To compare newer endoscopic techniques with traditional methods for thyroid gland surgery.
  • To identify patient selection criteria and unique complications associated with endoscopic thyroidectomy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of extracervical endoscopic thyroid surgery approaches (axillary, breast, chest wall).
  • Comparison of visualization and complication rates with midline endoscopic techniques.
  • Analysis of patient selection factors and CO(2) insufflation-related complications.

Main Results:

  • Extracervical endoscopic approaches provide acceptable cosmetic results by placing incisions away from the neck midline.
  • Thyroid visualization and complication rates are comparable to older endoscopic methods.
  • Complications specific to endoscopic surgery primarily involve CO(2) insufflation of cervical tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Extracervical endoscopic thyroid surgery achieves excellent cosmetic results without compromising safety or effectiveness.
  • Careful patient selection is crucial for successful endoscopic thyroidectomy.
  • Understanding and managing CO(2) insufflation risks are important for endoscopic neck surgery.