[Influenza vaccination: recommendations and remarks]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Vaccinology
• Public Health

Background:

• Influenza poses a significant public health risk, necessitating effective vaccination strategies.
• Various influenza vaccines have been developed globally, with split vaccines being utilized in Japan for seasonal and pandemic prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role and safety of split influenza vaccines in Japan.
• To inform recommendations for influenza vaccination in specific populations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of influenza vaccine types and usage in Japan.
• Analysis of split vaccine composition and safety data regarding ovalbumin content.

Main Results:

• Split vaccines are used for seasonal and 2009 pandemic influenza in Japan.
• Annual vaccination is advised for healthcare personnel, high-risk individuals, and their contacts.
• Since 2009, pregnant women can receive split vaccines.
• The low ovalbumin content (1-10 ng/mL) in Japanese split vaccines allows safe administration to children with egg allergies.

Conclusions:

• Split influenza vaccines are a safe and viable option for seasonal and pandemic influenza prevention in Japan.
• Specific populations, including pregnant women and children with egg allergies, can benefit from split vaccine administration.
• Continued annual vaccination remains crucial for protecting vulnerable groups against influenza.