Multicentric castleman disease in a child with primary immunodeficiency

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Hematology
• Immunology
• Rare Diseases

Background:

• Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder.
• MCD predominantly affects adults, often associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
• Pediatric cases of MCD are extremely rare.

Observation:

• This report describes a novel case of MCD in a child.
• The patient presented with typical systemic symptoms of MCD.
• The case was uniquely associated with primary immunodeficiency, specifically common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).

Findings:

• The co-occurrence of MCD and CVID in a pediatric patient is unprecedented.
• This association suggests potential shared or interacting pathophysiologic pathways.

Implications:

• This case expands the known clinical spectrum of Multicentric Castleman disease.
• Understanding the interplay between MCD and CVID may reveal new therapeutic targets.
• Further research into pediatric MCD and immunodeficiency is warranted.