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The endoplasmic reticulum and calcium storage.

G L Koch1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions in calcium storage, housing proteins like calreticulin. Evidence supports the ER as a key calcium store for cell signaling and ER structure.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is known to store calcium in nonmuscle cells.
  • Reticuloplasm, the ER lumen content, includes reticuloplasmins, potential calcium-binding proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as a calcium storage site.
  • To evaluate the evidence supporting the ER versus specialized organelles (calciosomes) for calcium storage.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of reticuloplasm composition.
  • Localization studies of calcium-binding proteins and IP3 receptors within the ER.

Main Results:

  • Proteins like calreticulin and calsequestrin-like proteins are found in the ER.
  • IP3 receptors, involved in calcium release, are localized in the ER membrane.

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  • Evidence does not support calciosomes as the primary physiologically relevant calcium store.

    • Conclusions:

    • The ER serves as a significant calcium store, crucial for intracellular signaling.
    • ER calcium levels may also influence ER structure and protein retention.