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Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
07:26

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Published on: August 22, 2022

Age estimation in Indians using Demirjian's 8-teeth method.

Ashith B Acharya1

  • 1Department of Forensic Odontology, S.D.M. College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Sattur, Dharwad 580009, Karnataka, India. ashith.acharya@sdmcds.edu

Journal of Forensic Sciences
|September 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Demirjian's tooth calcification grading method shows significant age estimation errors in Indian populations. Developing India-specific regression formulas improves accuracy, highlighting the need for local adaptations in forensic age assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Dental Age Estimation
  • Human Growth and Development

Background:

  • Demirjian's method is a standard for dental age assessment.
  • Previous applications show population-specific variations.
  • A modified 8-teeth method and regression formulas were developed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of Demirjian's 8-teeth method in an Indian population.
  • To develop and validate India-specific regression formulas for age estimation.
  • To assess the necessity of population-specific adaptations for dental age assessment tools.

Main Methods:

  • The study utilized data from 547 Indian individuals aged 7-25 years.
  • Demirjian's 8-teeth method and its regression formulas were applied.
  • India-specific regression formulas were derived and compared.

Main Results:

  • Demirjian's original formulas yielded significant age misclassification in Indians (9.2% at 99% CI).
  • The developed India-specific formulas achieved better age prediction accuracy (MAE=0.87 years).
  • Original formulas had a higher mean absolute error (MAE=1.29 years).

Conclusions:

  • Demirjian's 8-teeth method requires adaptation for accurate age estimation in diverse populations.
  • Population-specific regression formulas are crucial for reliable dental age assessment.
  • This study underscores the importance of local calibration for forensic age estimation tools.