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Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term Depression01:05

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Orienteering as a Tool for Cognitive Research: An Implementation Guide
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Does a period of detraining cause a decrease in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor?

Maaike Goekint1, Bart Roelands, Kevin De Pauw

  • 1Department of Human Physiology and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.

Neuroscience Letters
|September 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aerobic exercise training did not alter brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in sedentary adults. Detraining also showed no significant effect on BDNF or cognitive function, suggesting exercise

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cognitive Function

Background:

  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is crucial for cognitive function, neurogenesis, and neuroprotection.
  • Existing research indicates exercise transiently impacts serum BDNF concentrations.
  • The long-term effects of aerobic training and subsequent detraining on basal BDNF are not well-established in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of an 8-week aerobic training program followed by 8 weeks of detraining on basal serum BDNF levels in young, sedentary adults.
  • To assess the impact of this training and detraining period on short-term and mid-term memory performance.

Main Methods:

  • A controlled study involving 16 sedentary subjects divided into an experimental group (aerobic training then detraining) and a control group (inactive).
  • Aerobic training program for 8 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of detraining.
  • Cognitive function assessed using the Digit Span test (short-term memory) and Recall of Images test (mid-term memory).

Main Results:

  • Aerobic training significantly improved peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), which returned to baseline after detraining.
  • Basal serum BDNF levels were not significantly affected by 8 weeks of aerobic training or the subsequent detraining period.
  • No significant differences in short-term or mid-term memory performance were observed between the experimental and control groups.

Conclusions:

  • Eight weeks of aerobic training and subsequent detraining did not alter basal serum BDNF concentrations or cognitive function in young sedentary adults.
  • Further research is recommended in patient groups and the elderly to explore training and detraining effects on neurotrophic factors and cognition.
  • Investigating the BDNF response to acute exercise following training and detraining warrants future study.