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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
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Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
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RNA synthesis precision is regulated by preinitiation complex turnover.

Kunal Poorey1, Rebekka O Sprouse, Melissa N Wells

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.

Genome Research
|September 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The essential ATPase Mot1 regulates TATA-binding protein (TBP) dynamics, impacting RNA synthesis precision. Perturbing TBP mobility disrupts transcription initiation and termination, revealing Mot1

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Area of Science:

  • * Molecular Biology
  • * Genetics
  • * Biochemistry

Background:

  • * TATA-binding protein (TBP) is crucial for transcription preinitiation complex (PIC) assembly.
  • * While TBP binds promoters stably in vitro, it exhibits high dynamic behavior in vivo.
  • * The ATPase Mot1's activity influences TBP's dynamic behavior, suggesting its role in transcriptional regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate how altered TBP dynamics affect RNA synthesis precision in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • * To elucidate the role of Mot1 in regulating TBP dynamics and its impact on gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • * High-resolution tiling arrays were employed to analyze RNA synthesis.
  • * Genetic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, including mot1-42 and set2Δ mutants.
  • * Genomic analyses to correlate TBP occupancy with RNA length variations.

Main Results:

  • * Mot1 plays a significant role in RNA synthesis precision and efficiency.
  • * Loss of Mot1 function (mot1-42) resulted in altered RNA length for 713 genes, affecting both initiation and termination.
  • * Prematurely terminated transcripts were the most frequent aberrant event observed.

Conclusions:

  • * Perturbed TBP dynamics, influenced by Mot1, lead to aberrant transcription initiation and termination.
  • * These effects are mechanistically linked to dynamic TBP promoter occupancy.
  • * A model proposing that dynamic PIC disassembly influences productive RNA synthesis is suggested.