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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...

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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis
11:04

The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis

Published on: February 19, 2013

Infectious colitis.

Udayakumar Navaneethan1, Ralph A Giannella

  • 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|September 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastrointestinal infections like infectious colitis are rising, impacting health globally. Recent advances reveal pathogen mechanisms and long-term effects, necessitating better prevention and screening.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal infections and infectious colitis pose significant global health challenges.
  • Rising incidence necessitates a deeper understanding of causative pathogens and their impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding pathogens causing infectious colitis.
  • To focus on enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7, Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, and Entamoeba histolytica.
  • To examine the long-term effects, including postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on infectious colitis pathogens.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data and molecular mechanisms of infection.
  • Examination of clinical outcomes and long-term sequelae.

Main Results:

  • Outbreaks of Salmonella, Campylobacter, and EHEC remain frequent, with new strains emerging.
  • Research identified Salmonella colonization genes and EHEC strains posing food safety risks.
  • Campylobacter jejuni invades epithelia via TLR-2 and TLR-4; Entamoeba histolytica paradigm is shifting.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding of infectious colitis epidemiology and pathobiology has rapidly advanced.
  • Patients with Salmonella and Campylobacter infections face increased risk of long-term gastrointestinal issues.
  • Further research into prevention and screening is crucial for managing infectious colitis.