Health behavior modification after electron beam computed tomography and physician consultation

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Preventive Medicine
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Clinicians aim to reduce cardiovascular risk factors through patient behavior modification.
• Electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) detects coronary artery calcium, a marker of atherosclerosis.
• Understanding patient response to EBCT results is crucial for effective risk management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate if reporting health behavior changes (physical activity, diet, alcohol) occurs after EBCT scan results review.
• To assess the association between coronary artery calcium scores and subsequent lifestyle modifications.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 510 asymptomatic participants underwent EBCT scans for coronary artery calcium.
• Demographic, health history, and lifestyle data were collected at baseline.
• A follow-up questionnaire assessed lifestyle modifications approximately 6 years post-scan.

Main Results:

• Higher coronary artery calcium scores were significantly associated with increased exercise (OR=1.34, P=0.02).
• Greater calcium burden correlated with dietary changes (OR=1.40, P<0.01) and altered alcohol intake (OR=1.46, P=0.05).
• Multivariable analysis confirmed the link between calcium extent and beneficial behavior changes.

Conclusions:

• Visualizing and discussing coronary artery calcium scores with a physician is linked to significant health behavior modification.
• EBCT imaging and counseling can serve as a powerful tool for promoting cardiovascular risk reduction.
• This approach may enhance patient engagement in adopting healthier lifestyles.