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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...

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Patient interpretation and implementation of air embolism prevention guidelines in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT): a survey-based study.

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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
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Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

Published on: August 26, 2025

PAVM embolization: an update.

Scott O Trerotola1, Reed E Pyeritz

  • 1Department of Radiology, Division of Interventional Radiology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. streroto@uphs.upenn.edu

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|September 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) pose serious risks like stroke if untreated. Emerging embolization techniques and management strategies offer improved outcomes for these challenging high-flow lesions.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are often linked to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.
  • Untreated PAVMs carry significant risks, including paradoxical embolization leading to stroke or brain abscess.
  • Treating PAVMs is complex, even for specialists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges in PAVM management.
  • To highlight emerging tools and techniques for PAVM embolization.
  • To discuss new trends in the overall management of PAVMs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on PAVM treatment.
  • Analysis of new technological advancements in embolization.
  • Discussion of evolving clinical management strategies.

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Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

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Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
06:59

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

Published on: August 26, 2025

Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
14:58

Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

Published on: October 20, 2017

Main Results:

  • Embolization remains a primary treatment for PAVMs.
  • Newer embolization tools may offer improved efficacy and safety.
  • Advances in imaging and device technology are transforming PAVM care.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging embolization techniques show promise for better PAVM treatment outcomes.
  • These advancements aim to mitigate risks associated with treating high-flow PAVM lesions.
  • The field of PAVM management is evolving with new therapeutic trends.