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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Pure Shift Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: a New Tool for Plant Metabolomics
Published on: July 31, 2021
Characterization of plant exudates by principal-component and cluster analyses with nuclear magnetic resonance
Joseph B Lambert1, Eric A Heckenbach, Yuyang Wu
1Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. jlambert@northwestern.edu
Abstract:
Principal-component and cluster analyses have been applied to nuclear magnetic resonance data for exudates derived from both conifers and angiosperms in order to classify these materials on the basis of molecular structure. The method succeeds in distinguishing resins produced by the conifer families Araucariaceae, Cupressaceae, and Pinaceae from each other and from resins produced by the angiosperm family Fabaceae. Other exudate types, including gums, gum resins, and kinos, also are distinguished from each other and from the resins.
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