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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM01:23

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM

Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult body.
A...

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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

ECM Protein Nanofibers and Nanostructures Engineered Using Surface-initiated Assembly
16:33

ECM Protein Nanofibers and Nanostructures Engineered Using Surface-initiated Assembly

Published on: April 17, 2014

Engineering extracellular matrix through nanotechnology.

Cassandra M Kelleher1, Joseph P Vacanti

  • 1MassGeneral Hospital for Children-Pediatric Surgery, Boston, MA, USA. ckelleher3@partners.org

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
|September 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue engineering aims to create living devices for tissue repair and regeneration. Nanotechnology integration offers potential to overcome commercialization barriers and solve scientific challenges in this evolving field.

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

ECM Protein Nanofibers and Nanostructures Engineered Using Surface-initiated Assembly
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Historical context of tissue repair and replacement using non-living and living materials.
  • Evolution from organ transplantation to advanced tissue engineering strategies.
  • Emergence of regenerative medicine combining cellular elements with biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of nanotechnology in tissue engineering.
  • To summarize the commercialization history of tissue engineering.
  • To explore nanotechnology's potential in overcoming commercialization barriers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on nanotechnology in tissue engineering.
  • Historical analysis of tissue engineering commercialization.
  • Discussion of nanotechnology's role in addressing scientific and engineering challenges.

Main Results:

  • Nanotechnology offers advanced strategies for tissue engineering.
  • Commercialization of tissue engineering faces regulatory and business model challenges.
  • Nanotechnology may bridge gaps in technology and commercialization.

Conclusions:

  • Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are advancing with sophisticated biomaterials.
  • Nanotechnology integration is key to improving tissue engineering technologies.
  • Addressing commercialization hurdles is essential for widespread patient benefit.