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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Cereal Crop Ear Counting in Field Conditions Using Zenithal RGB Images
Published on: February 2, 2019
Abstract:
The PAPA detector uses optical masks to decode the location of a photon event on the output phosphor of a high-gain image intensifier. Its use of Gray-coded masks creates image artifacts that are unique to this detector. The artifacts can arise from errors in mask alignment, incorrect discriminator settings, vignetting in the optics, and faults relating to the performance of the image intensifier. The symptoms and causes of the different image artifacts are discussed, and methods are presented to identify and correct these errors.
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