Interactive effects of etching and pre-oxidation on porcelain adherence to non-precious alloys: a guided planar shear...

Interactive effects of etching and pre-oxidation on porcelain adherence to non-precious alloys were studied by a guided planar shear bond test under non-cantilever conditions. The results indicated that electrolytic etching decreases bond strength, but that oxidation of etched surfaces restores the bond strength level. The results are explained by a hypothesis that depletion of critical elemental species occurs during etching. Potential replenishment of the lost elements during subsequent oxidation, although not confirmed, may assist in improving bond strength.