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Cranial Bones: Lateral View

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...

Tooth Anatomy

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

Overview of the Skull

Overview of the Skull

The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...

Compact Bone

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...

Sutures of the Skull

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

Published on: October 18, 2021

The All-on-4 shelf: maxilla.

Ole T Jensen¹, Mark W Adams, Jared R Cottam

¹Colorado Tissue Engineering Institute, Denver, CO, USA. ole.jensen@clearchoice.com

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

|September 25, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The All-on-4 treatment uses bone reduction to optimize implant placement for fixed hybrid prostheses. This technique differs from denture-based alveloplasty, improving surgical and prosthetic outcomes.

More Related Videos

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Published on: May 23, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

Published on: October 18, 2021

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Published on: May 23, 2020

Area of Science:

Dental Implantology
Prosthodontics
Oral Surgery

Background:

Traditional denture placement often involves reduction alveloplasty.
Achieving optimal implant positioning for fixed prostheses presents surgical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the bone reduction technique used in All-on-4 treatment.
To highlight the advantages of the All-on-4 approach for prosthetic management.

Main Methods:

Bone reduction is performed to create restorative space.
Implant placement maximizes anterior-posterior spread.
Pneumatized bone sites are avoided during surgical planning.

Main Results:

The All-on-4 technique facilitates prosthetic restorative space creation.
Optimal implant spread is achieved for enhanced stability.
Surgical site selection avoids complications associated with pneumatized bone.

Conclusions:

The All-on-4 bone reduction technique optimizes implant placement for fixed hybrid prostheses.
This method offers superior surgical and prosthetic management compared to traditional alveloplasty for dentures.