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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

Published on: September 30, 2020

Does volunteering moderate the relation between functional limitations and mortality?

Morris A Okun¹, Kristin J August, Karen S Rook

¹Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, United States. Okun@asu.edu

Social Science & Medicine (1982)

|September 25, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Organizational volunteering may protect older adults from the mortality risks associated with functional limitations. Volunteering appears to buffer the negative effects of physical challenges on longevity in later life.

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

Published on: September 30, 2020

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Public Health
Sociology

Background:

Functional limitations are known to increase mortality risk in older adults.
Organizational volunteering is associated with decreased mortality risk.
The combined impact of functional limitations and volunteering on mortality requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To test the hypothesis that organizational volunteering moderates the relationship between functional limitations and mortality risk in older adults.
To examine the potential buffering effect of volunteering on mortality among individuals with functional limitations.

Main Methods:

Prospective cohort study utilizing baseline survey data from 916 non-institutionalized US adults aged 65 and older.
Mortality data were collected over a six-year follow-up period using the National Death Index.
Survival analysis techniques were employed to assess the association between functional limitations, volunteering, and mortality.

Main Results:

Functional limitations were significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality exclusively among older adults who reported never or almost never volunteering.
The findings suggest that organizational volunteering acts as a protective factor, mitigating the heightened mortality risk linked to functional limitations.
This indicates a moderating effect of volunteering on the association between functional limitations and mortality.

Conclusions:

Organizational volunteering may offer significant survival benefits for older adults, particularly those experiencing functional limitations.
Despite potential challenges in participation, engaging in volunteer activities can buffer the adverse effects of functional limitations on mortality.
Interventions promoting volunteerism among older adults, including those with functional limitations, could be beneficial for promoting longevity and well-being.