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Related Concept Videos

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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RNA Interference01:23

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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Small RNAs are on the move.

Daniel H Chitwood1, Marja C P Timmermans

  • 1Section of Plant Biology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.

Nature
|September 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small RNA molecules, including short-interfering RNAs and microRNAs, are the mobile signals responsible for cell-to-cell gene silencing in plants. Their movement impacts development, stress responses, and inheritance.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • RNA interference (RNAi) mediates gene silencing.
  • Non-cell-autonomous gene silencing, or cell-to-cell spread of silencing, is a key feature of RNAi in plants and animals.
  • The mobile silencing signal in plants has not been definitively identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the mobile silencing signal responsible for non-cell-autonomous gene silencing in plants.
  • To elucidate the nature and movement of small RNA molecules within plant systems.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of small RNA populations.
  • Studies on intercellular transport mechanisms.
  • Investigation of RNA movement through plant vasculature.

Main Results:

  • Small RNA molecules, specifically 21-24 nucleotides in size, have been identified as mobile silencing signals.
  • These small RNAs include short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs).
  • Evidence suggests these small RNAs move between plant cells and are transported via the vasculature.

Conclusions:

  • Small RNAs are the long-sought mobile signals mediating systemic gene silencing in plants.
  • The intercellular movement of small RNAs has broad implications for plant biology.
  • Understanding this movement is crucial for processes like developmental patterning, stress adaptation, and epigenetic inheritance.