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Masticatory function in temporomandibular dysfunction patients: electromyographic evaluation.

Giédre Berretin-Felix1, Katia Flores Genaro, Inge Elly Kiemle Trindade

  • 1Department of Speech, Language and Audiology, Bauru Dental School, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil. gfelix@fob.usp.br

Journal of Applied Oral Science : Revista FOB
|September 25, 2010
PubMed
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Individuals with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) exhibit similar masseter muscle activity during chewing as those without TMD. Food consistency, not TMD, significantly impacts chewing duration and cycle count.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Dental Science
  • Neuromuscular Physiology

Background:

  • Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) affects masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint, impairing chewing function.
  • Understanding the electromyographic (EMG) activity of masticatory muscles in TMD patients is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the electromyographic activity of the masseter muscle during habitual mastication in individuals with and without TMD.
  • To determine the influence of food consistency on masticatory muscle behavior in TMD patients.

Main Methods:

  • EMG activity of the masseter muscle was recorded during mastication of various food consistencies (bread, apple, banana, cashew nut, Parafilm M) in 25 TMD patients and 15 controls.
  • MYO-TRONICS Inc. K6-I software analyzed parameters including duration of the act, masticatory cycle duration, and number of cycles.

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  • Statistical comparison was performed between the TMD group and the control group.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in masticatory act duration or masticatory cycle duration were found between TMD patients and controls across all tested materials.
    • Mastication of Parafilm M resulted in longer act and cycle durations in both groups, indicating its higher consistency.
    • The number of masticatory cycles was higher when chewing apple compared to banana in both groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Food consistency significantly influences the duration of the masticatory act, masticatory cycle, and the number of cycles.
    • The electromyographic behavior of the masseter muscle during habitual mastication in individuals with TMD is comparable to that of individuals without TMD.
    • TMD does not appear to alter the fundamental electromyographic responses of the masseter muscle to different food consistencies during normal chewing.