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Related Concept Videos

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Generation of High Quality Chromatin Immunoprecipitation DNA Template for High-throughput Sequencing (ChIP-seq)
09:52

Generation of High Quality Chromatin Immunoprecipitation DNA Template for High-throughput Sequencing (ChIP-seq)

Published on: April 19, 2013

Gene co-expression modules and type 2 diabetes.

Alan D Attie1, Mark P Keller

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. attie@biochem.wisc.edu

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation
|September 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most obese individuals resist type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin production. Researchers identified genes influencing diabetes susceptibility in obese mice, revealing networks regulating beta-cell proliferation.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, yet most obese individuals do not develop the disease.
  • Insulin resistance, common in obesity, is often compensated by increased insulin secretion.
  • A mouse model was developed to study the genetic basis of diabetes susceptibility in obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genes responsible for diabetes susceptibility in obese mice.
  • To investigate the relationship between genetic variation, gene expression, and diabetes development.
  • To construct network models of gene regulation in diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Positional cloning was used to identify genes associated with diabetes susceptibility.
  • Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis was performed to link gene variation to expression levels.
  • Network modeling integrated gene loci, mRNA abundance, and phenotypic data.

Main Results:

  • The study successfully replicated the obesity/diabetes dichotomy in distinct mouse strains (C57BL/6 resistant, BTBR susceptible).
  • Genetic and gene expression analyses identified key loci influencing diabetes susceptibility.
  • Network models revealed a pathway involved in the regulation of beta-cell proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic factors play a critical role in determining diabetes susceptibility in the context of obesity.
  • Understanding gene networks, particularly those regulating beta-cell function, is crucial for deciphering type 2 diabetes.
  • This research provides a foundation for identifying novel therapeutic targets for type 2 diabetes.