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Related Concept Videos

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
A velocity gradient forms within the fluid when a Newtonian fluid is placed between two parallel plates, with...
Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
Types of Fluids01:27

Types of Fluids

Fluids can be classified into Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids based on their response to shear stress. Newtonian fluids have a linear relationship between shear stress and the shear strain rate, following Newton's law of viscosity. Their viscosity remains constant regardless of the shear rate, making their behavior predictable and easier to analyze. Common examples include water, air, oil, and gasoline.
In contrast, non-Newtonian fluids do not follow Newton's law of viscosity, and their...
Navier–Stokes Equations01:28

Navier–Stokes Equations

For incompressible Newtonian fluids, where density remains constant, stresses show a linear relationship with the deformation rate, defined by normal and shear stresses. Normal stresses depend on the pressure exerted on the fluid and the rate of deformation in specific directions, which determines how fluid flows under varying pressures. Shear stresses, on the other hand, act tangentially across fluid layers. They explain how adjacent fluid layers slide relative to one another, connecting...
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics01:15

Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics

Dimensionless groups in fluid mechanics provide simplified ratios that help analyze fluid behavior without relying on specific units. The Reynolds number (Re), which represents the ratio of inertial to viscous forces, distinguishes between laminar and turbulent flows, making it essential in the design of pipelines and aerodynamic surfaces. The Froude number (Fr), the ratio of inertial to gravitational forces, is particularly useful in predicting wave formation and hydraulic jumps in...

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Lennard-Jones fluid-fluid interfaces under shear.

Guillaume Galliero1

  • 1Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes (UMR-5150 with CNRS and TOTAL), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, BP 1155, 64013 Pau Cedex, France. guillaume.galliero@univ-pau.fr

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|September 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shear flow simulations reveal fluid interfaces exhibit slip and reduced viscosity. This slip is crucial for accurate multiphase flow modeling in nanoporous media, especially for non-polymeric fluids.

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Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

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Area of Science:

  • Computational physics and chemistry
  • Fluid dynamics at interfaces
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Understanding fluid behavior at interfaces is critical for various applications.
  • Shear flow effects on fluid-fluid interfaces are complex and not fully understood.
  • Accurate modeling of multiphase flow in confined systems requires precise interfacial property data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the behavior of planar fluid-fluid interfaces under shear flow using molecular dynamics.
  • To quantify interfacial slip and viscosity in binary Lennard-Jones mixtures.
  • To assess the impact of interfacial slip on multiphase flow simulations in nanoporous media.

Main Methods:

  • Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations.
  • Study of simple Lennard-Jones binary mixtures.
  • Analysis of interfacial slip length and interfacial viscosity.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant slip and partial depletion at low miscibility fluid-fluid interfaces under shear.
  • Slip lengths comparable to molecular diameters and interfacial viscosity up to two times lower than bulk.
  • Demonstrated that neglecting interfacial slip can lead to significant flow-rate errors in nanoporous media simulations.

Conclusions:

  • Interfacial slip and reduced viscosity are important phenomena in sheared fluid mixtures.
  • The omission of interfacial slip can lead to inaccurate predictions in multiphase flow modeling.
  • A new relation between interfacial tension and viscosity was proposed for monoatomic systems; interfacial viscosity is not solely determined by local thermodynamic properties.