Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fast Reactions01:27

Fast Reactions

Fast reactions occurring in times shorter than the time needed to mix reactants pose a unique challenge for investigation. In a liquid-phase continuous-flow system, reactants A and B are swiftly pushed into the mixing chamber, where mixing occurs within 1 ms. The reaction mixture then flows through an observation tube, and one measures light absorption to determine species concentrations at various points of the tube. This method is most appropriate when relatively large volumes of reactants...
Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles01:29

Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles

The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm, and the availability of energy or ATP to support contractions.
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open.
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers energy to a nearby...
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison01:09

Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison

Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
Centrally acting muscle relaxants can be further divided into spasmolytic and antispasmodic drugs. Spasmolytic drugs,...
Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants01:28

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Skeletal muscle relaxants are a group of drugs that can reduce muscle stiffness and induce temporary paralysis to relieve pain. These agents can act centrally to reduce muscle tone or spasms in painful conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or spinal injuries; they are called antispasmodics or spasmolytics.
Peripherally acting skeletal muscle relaxants interfere with the neurotransmission at the neuromuscular end plate to induce paralysis during...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The United Kingdom Branch Endoprosthesis for Aortic arch Treatment study (UK-BEAT): Early experience with the GORE TAG thoracic branch endoprosthesis.

Journal of vascular surgery·2026
Same author

Pre-existing intracranial arterial stenosis independently predicts delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Neuroradiology·2026
Same author

Thrombectomy in Posterior Circulation Tandem Occlusions: Multicenter Comparative Analysis of Procedural Techniques and Predictors of Clinical Outcomes.

Radiology·2026
Same author

Palm and Eucalyptus waste-derived biochars for removing imidacloprid and myclobutanil from pesticide- contaminated water.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Recurrence Rates and Functional Outcomes Following Arthroscopic ALPSA Repair With Concomitant Remplissage: A Prospective Cohort Study.

The American journal of sports medicine·2026
Same author

Functional Outcomes After Resection of Middle Frontal Gyrus Versus Superior Frontal Gyrus tumors.

World neurosurgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Preparation of Carbon Fiber and Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Poly (butylene Adipate-co-terephthalate) Foams by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Foaming
07:56

Preparation of Carbon Fiber and Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Poly (butylene Adipate-co-terephthalate) Foams by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Foaming

Published on: October 10, 2025

Fast relaxations in foam.

Kapilanjan Krishan1, Ahmed Helal, Reinhard Höhler

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux Divisés et des Interfaces, FRE 3300 CNRS, Université Paris-Est, 5 Bd Descartes, Champs-sur-Marne, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|September 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aqueous foams show unusual high-frequency viscoelasticity due to bubble packing. This study reveals that gas-liquid interface properties, specifically surfactant choice, tune these mesoscopic dynamics by selecting dominant local dissipation processes.

More Related Videos

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs
10:06

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Published on: July 2, 2020

Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae
07:51

Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae

Published on: February 17, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Preparation of Carbon Fiber and Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Poly (butylene Adipate-co-terephthalate) Foams by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Foaming
07:56

Preparation of Carbon Fiber and Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Poly (butylene Adipate-co-terephthalate) Foams by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Foaming

Published on: October 10, 2025

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs
10:06

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Published on: July 2, 2020

Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae
07:51

Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae

Published on: February 17, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Aqueous foams exhibit anomalous macroscopic viscoelasticity at high frequencies.
  • This behavior originates from collective relaxations within the disordered bubble packing structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the influence of gas-liquid interface physico-chemical processes on foam mesoscopic dynamics.
  • To identify specific local dissipation mechanisms at the interface and their role in macroscopic properties.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental techniques to probe mesoscopic dynamics in aqueous foams.
  • Analysis of interfacial properties and their correlation with rheological response.
  • Varying surfactant types to modify interface rigidity and study dissipation processes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that mesoscopic dynamics in foams are governed by interfacial physico-chemical processes.
  • Identified two distinct local dissipation mechanisms at the gas-liquid interface.
  • Showed that interface rigidity, controlled by surfactant selection, dictates which dissipation process dominates.

Conclusions:

  • The macroscopic viscoelasticity of aqueous foams is fundamentally linked to interfacial phenomena.
  • Surfactant choice is a critical parameter for controlling foam rheology by tuning interfacial dissipation.
  • Understanding these interfacial dynamics is key to predicting and manipulating foam behavior.