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Related Concept Videos

Refrigerators and Heat Pumps01:07

Refrigerators and Heat Pumps

Refrigerators or heat pumps are heat engines operating in a reverse direction. For a refrigerator, the focus is on removing heat from a specific area, whereas, for a heat pump, the focus is on dumping heat into one particular area. A refrigerator (or heat pump) absorbs heat Qc from the cold reservoir at Kelvin temperature Tc and discards heat Qh to the hot reservoir at Kelvin temperature Th, while work W is done on the engine’s working substance.
A household refrigerator removes heat from the...
Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
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PID Controller01:19

PID Controller

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Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

Tunable heat pump by modulating the coupling to the leads.

Eduardo C Cuansing1, Jian-Sheng Wang

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|September 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Modulating a system's coupling can control thermal energy flow between leads. This study reveals tunable energy currents and potential for zero net flow by adjusting driving frequency and temperature.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Transport

Background:

  • Understanding thermal transport in nanoscale systems is crucial for energy applications.
  • Nonequilibrium Green's function formalism is a powerful tool for studying quantum systems out of equilibrium.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate time-dependent thermal transport in a linear chain system with harmonically modulated coupling.
  • To analyze the influence of modulated coupling on energy current flow between connected leads.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism.
  • Numerically solved the Dyson equation for the contour-ordered Green's function.
  • Studied a linear chain system with two semi-infinite leads and time-modulated coupling.

Main Results:

  • Modulating the coupling can direct energy to flow into or out of leads simultaneously when temperatures are equal.
  • A specific combination of driving frequency and temperature can result in zero net energy flow.
  • Energy flows from warmer to cooler leads, but the direction for the cooler lead is frequency and temperature-dependent.
  • Higher driving frequencies enhance transient effects.

Conclusions:

  • Harmonic modulation of inter-lead coupling offers a method to control thermal energy flow direction and magnitude.
  • The system exhibits tunable thermal transport properties based on external driving parameters.
  • Potential for designing systems with precise thermal energy management is demonstrated.