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Dynamical study of a polydisperse hard-sphere system.

Tomoaki Nogawa1, Nobuyasu Ito, Hiroshi Watanabe

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan. nogawa@serow.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

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The crystal-fluid and glass transitions in polydisperse elastic spheres merge. As particle size variation increases, crystal and fluid states become indistinguishable, forming a marginal glass state.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding phase transitions in disordered systems is crucial.
  • Polydispersity, or variation in particle size, significantly impacts material properties.
  • The relationship between fluid-crystal and glass transitions requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between fluid-crystal and glass transitions in polydisperse elastic sphere systems.
  • To determine the effect of polydispersity on the stability of crystal and fluid states.
  • To identify the conditions under which these transitions merge.

Main Methods:

  • Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were employed.
  • The system studied consisted of elastic spheres with varying sizes (polydispersity).
  • Phase transition lines were analyzed as a function of polydispersity.

Main Results:

  • The endpoint of the crystal-fluid transition line coincides with the glass transition line.
  • A critical polydispersity was identified, beyond which the crystal state becomes unstable.
  • Crystal and fluid states become indistinguishable at the melting point with increasing polydispersity.

Conclusions:

  • Polydispersity plays a critical role in merging fluid-crystal and glass transitions.
  • At critical polydispersity, a unique 'marginal glass state' emerges where distinct fluid and crystal phases cease to exist.
  • This finding offers new insights into the nature of phase transitions in disordered materials.