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Spreading with evaporation and condensation in one-component fluids
Ryohei Teshigawara1, Akira Onuki
1Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Japan.
Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|September 28, 2010
Summary
This study explores liquid droplet spreading dynamics in a gas near the critical temperature. Substrate temperature influences condensation and evaporation, affecting droplet behavior and film formation.
Area of Science:
- Fluid dynamics
- Thermodynamics
- Surface science
Background:
- Investigates droplet spreading in a one-component fluid near the critical temperature (Tc).
- Considers inhomogeneous temperature and latent heat effects at the liquid-gas interface.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the dynamics of liquid droplet spreading in gas under varying thermal conditions.
- To understand the influence of substrate temperature on condensation, evaporation, and film formation.
Main Methods:
- Employs dynamic van der Waals theory to solve hydrodynamic equations.
- Utilizes axisymmetric geometry and considers a finite-thickness substrate with thermal diffusion.
- Analyzes precursor film formation and its growth mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Cooling enhances condensation at the film edge, driving film growth and creating hot spots.
- Heating induces evaporation; weak heating forms a steady-state film, while strong heating leads to liquid disappearance.
- Precursor film formation is observed under complete wetting conditions.
Conclusions:
- Substrate temperature is a critical factor controlling droplet spreading dynamics via condensation and evaporation.
- Latent heat release significantly impacts the gas phase temperature near the film edge.
- The study provides insights into phase transitions and fluid behavior at interfaces.
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