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Enhanced supercurrents in Josephson junctions containing nonparallel ferromagnetic domains.

J W A Robinson¹, Gábor B Halász, A I Buzdin

¹Department of Material Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom. jjr33@cam.ac.uk

Physical Review Letters

|September 28, 2010

Summary

In superconductor-ferromagnet Josephson junctions, antiparallel alignment of ferromagnet layers significantly enhances critical currents. This finding supports theories minimizing ferromagnet influence on Cooper pairs.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Superconductivity
Spintronics

Background:

Artificial Josephson junctions can exhibit π coupling when a ferromagnet links two superconductors.
The magnetic alignment within the ferromagnet layer influences superconducting properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of magnetic layer alignment on critical currents in superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor Josephson junctions.
To experimentally verify theoretical predictions regarding ferromagnet-superconductor proximity effects.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a trilayer structure consisting of superconductor/ferromagnet/ferromagnet (Fe/Cr/Fe).
Controlled variation of the chromium (Cr) layer thickness to dictate the relative magnetic alignment of the iron (Fe) layers.
Measurement of critical currents in the Josephson junctions under different magnetic configurations.

Main Results:

A substantial enhancement of critical currents was observed when the magnetic moments of the Fe layers were in an antiparallel configuration.
The observed enhancement aligns with theoretical models predicting minimized phase-controlling effects in non-parallel magnetic alignments.

Conclusions:

The magnetic configuration of ferromagnets in Josephson junctions critically impacts superconducting properties.
Antiparallel alignment of ferromagnet moments is an effective strategy to maximize critical currents in these devices, consistent with advanced proximity theory.