Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

The existence of combined electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space as electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most significant prediction of Maxwell's equations. As Maxwell's equations hold in free space, the predicted electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. An EM wave comprises an electric field, defined as the force per charge on a stationary charge, and a magnetic field, which is the force per charge on a moving charge.
The EM field is assumed to be a...

Plane Electromagnetic Waves II

Plane Electromagnetic Waves II

Consider a plane wavefront traveling in position x-direction with a constant speed. This wavefront can be utilized to obtain the relationship between electric and magnetic fields with the help of Faraday's law.

Difference from Background: Limit of Detection

Difference from Background: Limit of Detection

The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...

Taping Over Different Ground Profiles

Taping Over Different Ground Profiles

Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...

Detection of Black Holes

Detection of Black Holes

Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...

Standing Electromagnetic Waves

Standing Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves can be reflected; the surface of a conductor or a dielectric can act as a reflector. As electric and magnetic fields obey the superposition principle, so do electromagnetic waves. The superposition of an incident wave and a reflected electromagnetic wave produces a standing wave analogous to the standing waves created on a stretched string.
Suppose a sheet of a perfect conductor is placed in the yz-plane, and a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave traveling in the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Gain-and-Loss-Free Metamaterials Exhibiting Non-Hermitian Non-Bloch Effects.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Nanoimprinted topological laser in the visible.

Science bulletin·2026

Same author

Realization of elastic Weyl semimetal phases with skyrmion spin textures.

Science bulletin·2026

Same author

Sensitivity Evaluation for Global Perturbations in Non-Hermitian Skin-Effect Sensors.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026

Same author

Flatbands from bound states in the continuum for orbital angular momentum localization.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Non-Hermitian Edge Burst of Sound.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

Published on: May 1, 2018

Lateral shift makes a ground-plane cloak detectable.

Baile Zhang¹, Tucker Chan, Bae-Ian Wu

¹Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|September 28, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Ground-plane invisibility cloaks, generated using quasiconformal mapping, may fail to fully conceal objects. These cloaks can cause detectable lateral shifts in scattered waves, limiting their practical invisibility applications.

More Related Videos

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

Published on: September 30, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

Published on: May 1, 2018

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

Published on: September 30, 2019

Area of Science:

Electromagnetism
Metamaterials
Wave Optics

Background:

Invisibility cloaking aims to render objects undetectable by manipulating electromagnetic waves.
Quasiconformal mapping has been proposed for designing cloaking devices, including ground-plane invisibility cloaks.
Anisotropy in cloak design is a critical factor influencing cloaking performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of ground-plane invisibility cloaks created via quasiconformal mapping.
To investigate the phenomenon of scattered wave lateral shift in anisotropic-free cloaks.
To determine the limitations imposed by the cloak's virtual space transformation on detectability.

Main Methods:

Utilizing quasiconformal mapping of electromagnetic space to generate the cloak's permittivity and permeability.
Analyzing the behavior of scattered electromagnetic waves interacting with the cloak.
Employing ray tracing simulations on a specific geometric model to quantify wave deviation.

Main Results:

Ground-plane invisibility cloaks without anisotropy generally induce a lateral shift in scattered waves.
The magnitude of this lateral shift is comparable to the height of the cloaked object.
Ray tracing demonstrated a lateral shift of approximately 0.15 units for a 0.2-unit high bump under 45° incidence.

Conclusions:

The inherent lateral shift in anisotropic-free ground-plane cloaks compromises complete invisibility.
The transformation of electromagnetic space by quasiconformal mapping results in a distorted virtual space (thinner and wider).
These findings highlight limitations for practical applications of such cloaking devices, suggesting further research into anisotropy or alternative designs is needed.