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Related Experiment Videos

Selective cytoplasmic and membrane changes induced by cisplatinum.

M A Oberc-Greenwood1, B H Smith, C Cooke

  • 1Surgical Neurology Branch, NINCDS National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.

Journal of Neuro-Oncology
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Cisplatinum (cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II) causes distinct cell changes in human glioma cells, affecting both the nucleus and cytoplasm. These alterations suggest new therapeutic strategies for solid tumors.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Cisplatinum (cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II) is a chemotherapy agent effective against various solid tumors.
  • While DNA is considered its primary target, previous studies indicated cisplatinum also affects cell membranes and cytoplasm.
  • Understanding cisplatinum's effects on glial tumors is crucial for developing improved adjuvant therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cisplatinum-induced morphological changes in human glioma-derived cell lines.
  • To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying cisplatinum's action in glial tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Three cisplatinum-sensitive human glioma cell lines (SNB-1, SNB-3, SNB-4) were treated with cisplatinum (25, 50, 100 µg/ml) for 4-72 hours.
  • Transmission electron microscopy was employed to examine ultrastructural changes induced by cisplatinum.

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Main Results:

  • Consistent changes observed included cell rounding, reduced nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear chromatin clumping, Golgi apparatus vesiculation/swelling, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum dilatation.
  • These morphologic alterations are distinct from those induced by BCNU and AZQ.
  • Both nuclear and cytoplasmic changes occurred concurrently, suggesting their combined relevance.

Conclusions:

  • Cisplatinum induces specific cytoplasmic and nuclear ultrastructural changes in human glioma cells.
  • These observed cellular events suggest that both nuclear and cytoplasmic alterations contribute to cisplatinum's antitumor effects.
  • The findings provide insights for designing more effective adjuvant therapies for glial tumors.