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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

An Experimental Protocol for Femtosecond NIR/UV - XUV Pump-Probe Experiments with Free-Electron Lasers
Published on: October 23, 2018
Measurement of electro-optic shock and electron acceleration in a strongly cavitated laser wakefield accelerator
M H Helle1, D Kaganovich, D F Gordon
1Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA.
Abstract:
Conically emitted second harmonic radiation was observed when a relativistically intense, ultrashort laser pulse was focused into a jet of gas. This second harmonic electro-optic shock is the result of frequency mixing within the sheath of electrons surrounding a highly cavitated plasma region created by the ponderomotive force of the laser. Strong correlation between the second harmonic characteristics and electron acceleration has been observed.
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