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Related Concept Videos

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate01:10

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate

The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
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Bulk density refers to the mass of aggregate particles that would fill a unit volume. The concept of bulk density originates from the inability to pack aggregate particles in a manner that completely eliminates void spaces. Hence, the term bulk refers to the volume that encompasses both the aggregates and the voids. This measurement is crucial when aggregates are batched by volume and is used to convert quantities by mass to volume.
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Unsoundness in aggregates due to volume changes is primarily caused by the physical alterations aggregates undergo, such as freezing and thawing, thermal changes, and wetting and drying. Unsound aggregates, when subjected to these changes, result in volume change upon disintegration. This, in turn, contributes to the deterioration of concrete, including scaling, pop-outs, and cracking. Particular types of aggregates, such as porous flints, cherts, and those containing clay minerals, are...
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Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography
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Compaction dynamics of wet granular assemblies.

J E Fiscina1, G Lumay, F Ludewig

  • 1GRASP, Physics Department B5, University of Liège-B-4000 Liège, Belgium. j.fiscina@mx.uni-saarland.de

Physical Review Letters
|September 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates wet granular materials, finding their compaction follows an inverse logarithmic law. Increased cohesion from liquids significantly slows down this compaction process.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Granular materials exhibit complex compaction behaviors.
  • Cohesion in granular systems, particularly wet ones, significantly influences their mechanical properties.
  • Understanding compaction dynamics is crucial for various industrial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the extremely slow compaction dynamics of wet granular assemblies.
  • To explore the effect of varying cohesion, induced by different liquids, on compaction.
  • To develop and validate a model for cohesive granular compaction.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of wet granular assemblies.
  • Tuning cohesion by using liquids with varying surface tension.
  • Observing and analyzing compaction dynamics over time.
  • Developing a theoretical model based on free volume kinetic equations.

Main Results:

  • Compaction dynamics of cohesive granular packing follows an inverse logarithmic law.
  • Characteristic relaxation time (τ) increases significantly with cohesion.
  • The proposed model quantitatively reproduces the experimental compaction curves.

Conclusions:

  • Cohesion, driven by capillary bridges, is a critical factor in the slow compaction of wet granular materials.
  • The developed model accurately describes the observed compaction behavior, incorporating an energy barrier.
  • Findings provide insights into the mechanical response of cohesive granular systems.