Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Detection and Enrichment of Rare Antigen-specific B Cells for Analysis of Phenotype and Function
Published on: February 16, 2017
High tetanus antitoxin antibody concentrations in the Netherlands: a seroepidemiological study
Anneke Steens1, L Mollema, G A M Berbers
1Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. anneke.steens@rivm.nl
Abstract:
We assessed the level and determinants of tetanus-antitoxin (TT)-antibodies in the Dutch population. Additionally, we evaluated the national guidelines for post-exposure prophylaxis. Serum samples and questionnaire data from a cross-sectional, population-based study were obtained from 7903 individuals. Serum antitoxin antibodies were assessed with a multiplex immunoassay. Multivariable linear regression was used to explore factors associated with antibody concentration. The overall seroprevalence was 94% with a geometric mean concentration (GMC) of 0.91 IU/ml. The TT-GMC increased with age in the age-cohorts of 13-23 years, which coincides with the meningococcal C conjugate mass-vaccination in 2002. Lower seroprevalences were found in individuals born before introduction of routine vaccination, first-generation migrants from non-Western countries born before 1984, and conservative Protestants living in the Dutch 'Bible belt'. Only 10% of those eligible for post-exposure prophylaxis were not sufficiently protected against tetanus.
More Related Videos
09:12A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
Published on: June 15, 2018
12:25Isolation and Quantification of Botulinum Neurotoxin From Complex Matrices Using the BoTest Matrix Assays
Published on: March 3, 2014
Related Concept Videos
Tetanus
Diphtheria
Botulism