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Related Concept Videos

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.Ribosome Structure and AssemblyRibosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within the...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...

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Ribosome biogenesis: from structure to dynamics.

Barbara Cisterna1, Marco Biggiogera

  • 1Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Animal Biology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
|September 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The nucleolus, a key nuclear body, is a dynamic organelle involved in more cellular processes than previously known. Its roles extend beyond ribosome biogenesis to cell-cycle control and the p53 pathway.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The nucleolus is the primary structure within the cell nucleus.
  • It is recognized as a dynamic organelle with diverse functions.
  • Its established role is in preribosome biogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the current research status of the nucleolus.
  • To highlight the nucleolus's multifaceted roles in cellular functions.
  • To discuss the sensitivity of the nucleolus to alterations in cellular processes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of nucleolar research.
  • Analysis of the nucleolus's involvement in various cellular pathways.
  • Examination of the dynamics of nucleolar factors.

Main Results:

  • The nucleolus participates in numerous cellular processes beyond ribosome biogenesis.
  • Key functions include cell-cycle control and the p53 pathway.
  • Nucleolar factors exhibit distinct dynamics of association and disassociation.

Conclusions:

  • The nucleolus is a critical and dynamic cellular component.
  • Its involvement in multiple pathways underscores its sensitivity to cellular stress and alterations.
  • Understanding nucleolar factor dynamics is crucial for comprehending its regulatory roles.