Enhancing oral implantology with power ultrasonics

Oral implantology is the branch of dentistry focused on the reconstruction of missing teeth and their supporting structures with natural or synthetic substitutes. Conventional instruments used during oral implantation exhibit severe operational limitations, especially in the presence of limited surgical access, anatomically delicate bone structures, and proximity to soft tissues, because of the high risk of injury. This paper illustrates the design and performance characteristics of two novel ultrasonic devices developed to improve the implantation process. The working frequency of both systems is in the 25 to 26 kHz range and the acoustic power is modulated in line with the specific operations. The first tuned device presented in this work relies on a planar vibration at its tip to drill holes in bone. The second exploits a longitudinal-flexural composite vibration mode which facilitates the insertion of dental implants into the jawbone. The vibration characteristics of the proposed systems are investigated using finite element (FE) models subsequently validated by experimental modal analysis (EMA). Ultimately, the operational benefits of the investigated devices are supported by clinical evidence.