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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Focal Cortical Lesions by Photothrombosis
06:07

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Focal Cortical Lesions by Photothrombosis

Published on: May 6, 2021

Leukoaraiosis and stroke.

Eric E Smith1

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada. eesmith@ucalgary.ca

Stroke
|September 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leukoaraiosis, a common finding in stroke patients, is linked to increased stroke and dementia risk. Understanding its causes, potentially white matter infarcts, is crucial for reducing disability.

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Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Focal Cortical Lesions by Photothrombosis
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Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Vascular Diseases

Background:

  • Leukoaraiosis is frequently observed in stroke patients.
  • It is strongly associated with the risk of incident stroke and dementia.
  • Leukoaraiosis may independently predict stroke outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the underlying pathophysiology of leukoaraiosis.
  • To investigate the link between leukoaraiosis and white matter infarcts.
  • To understand the conserved vulnerability of white matter injury in various vascular diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuroimaging evidence.
  • Analysis of leukoaraiosis distribution in relation to vascular pathology.
  • Hypothesizing the role of resting blood flow patterns.

Main Results:

  • Neuroimaging suggests some leukoaraiosis results from white matter infarcts.
  • These infarcts may be common in aggressive small vessel diseases like cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
  • Leukoaraiosis distribution is similar across different vascular pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • A conserved vulnerability to white matter injury exists across vascular diseases.
  • Resting blood flow patterns might explain this vulnerability.
  • Further research into leukoaraiosis pathophysiology is essential to mitigate associated disability.