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Tuberculosis and AIDS co-morbidity in children: linkage of databases from Espirito Santo State, Brazil

Angelica E Miranda1, Reynaldo Dietze, Ethel L Maciel

  • 1Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (UFES), Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas (NDI), Vitoria, Brazil. espinosa@ndi.ufes.br

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|September 30, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Seven percent of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) cases in Brazil were co-infected with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This highlights the importance of evaluating surveillance data for understanding co-infection burdens.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are significant global health challenges.
  • Co-infection with TB and AIDS, particularly in pediatric populations, requires careful monitoring and understanding.
  • Surveillance databases are crucial for tracking disease prevalence and co-infection rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of AIDS among children diagnosed with active TB in Espírito Santo State, Brazil.
  • To analyze the characteristics of pediatric TB cases co-infected with AIDS.
  • To emphasize the importance of integrated surveillance for managing co-infections.

Main Methods:

  • Linking TB and AIDS surveillance databases using Reclink software and SPSS.
  • Analyzing data from 411 pediatric TB cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2006.
  • Comparing microbiological and immunological findings between TB-only and TB/AIDS co-infected children.

Main Results:

  • A total of 27 (7%) out of 411 pediatric TB cases were co-infected with AIDS.
  • Co-infected children were more likely to have negative sputum smears for acid-fast bacilli (83% vs. 46%) but positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (44% vs. 19%).
  • A significantly higher proportion of co-infected patients (57%) did not react to the tuberculin skin test compared to TB-only patients (17%).

Conclusions:

  • AIDS is a significant factor in pediatric TB cases in Espírito Santo, Brazil.
  • Integrated surveillance systems are vital for accurately assessing the burden of TB/AIDS co-infection in children.
  • Further evaluation of surveillance databases can improve understanding and management of co-infections.

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