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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
Published on: October 2, 2019
Helping children sleep
Barbara C Galland1, Edwin A Mitchell
1Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Insights
Common childhood sleep issues like bedtime resistance can be managed with non-pharmacological methods. Behavioral sleep programs and good sleep hygiene practices offer effective solutions for healthier sleep in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Sleep Medicine
- Child Psychology
Background:
- Sleep problems are prevalent in children, impacting both the child and their parents.
- Common issues include bedtime resistance, delayed sleep onset, and frequent night waking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current non-pharmacological practices and interventions for healthy childhood sleep.
- To provide evidence-based strategies for managing common pediatric sleep disturbances.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of non-pharmacological interventions for childhood sleep problems.
- Synthesis of evidence on sleep hygiene practices and behavioral sleep programs.
Main Results:
- Good sleep hygiene (consistent routines, optimal sleep environment, daytime exercise) benefits children's sleep.
- Behavioral sleep programs, including extinction-based procedures and scheduled awakenings, are effective for more problematic cases.
- Modifications to extinction programs show promise but require further research.
Conclusions:
- Non-pharmacological interventions are effective for managing common childhood sleep problems.
- Early identification and management of sleep issues can improve long-term health and emotional well-being.
- Further evaluation of modified extinction programs is warranted.
Abstract:
Sleep problems in children are very common and affect both the child and parents. The common problems are bedtime resistance, delayed sleep onset and frequent night waking. This review summarises current non-pharmacological practices and intervention options to aid healthy children sleep. Children may benefit from good sleep hygiene practices, which include a consistent routine for bed and consistent bedtime, a quiet darkened and warm bedroom, a consistent wake time and daytime exercise. In more problematic cases children benefit from a sleep programme. Programmes are many and effective, and include extinction or extinction-based procedures, and scheduled awakenings. An extinction programme alone, although highly effective, is difficult for parents to comply with. Modifications of the extinction programme show promise but need further evaluation. Identifying and managing sleep problems in childhood may improve health, including emotional well-being, in adolescence and adulthood.
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