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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:22

Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium requiring meticulous nursing management for optimal patient outcomes. Effective management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, paying close attention to past infections, autoimmune disorders, travel history, and exposure to toxins or drugs. Recent viral infections and systemic diseases are particularly relevant due to their potential role in triggering myocarditis.Physical Examination and MonitoringThe...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management01:25

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.

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Related Experiment Videos

Myocarditis during lenalidomide therapy.

Joseph R Carver1, Sunita Nasta, Elise A Chong

  • 1Abramson Cancer Center, Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA. Joseph.carver2@uphs.upenn.edu

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|September 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lenalidomide, used for lymphoma, may cause drug-induced myocarditis. This case highlights the need to consider lenalidomide hypersensitivity in patients with heart failure symptoms.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug used for B-cell malignancies like non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • Cardiovascular toxicities associated with lenalidomide have primarily included atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism.
  • Myocarditis is a rare but serious potential adverse effect of certain medications.

Observation:

  • An 85-year-old woman developed congestive heart failure symptoms within 17 days of initiating lenalidomide and dexamethasone for follicular lymphoma.
  • Despite supportive care, the patient experienced progressive multiorgan failure and died.
  • Postmortem examination revealed diffuse lymphocytic/eosinophilic myocarditis without coronary artery disease.

Findings:

  • Histopathological findings confirmed myocarditis, characterized by inflammatory infiltrate and myocardial injury across all four heart chambers.
  • The Naranjo probability scale indicated a probable causal link between lenalidomide and the observed myocarditis.
  • A proposed mechanism involves an immunological response with T-cell infiltration of the myocardium.

Implications:

  • This case suggests lenalidomide as a potential cause of drug-induced myocarditis.
  • Lenalidomide hypersensitivity should be considered in patients presenting with heart failure symptoms during treatment.
  • Discontinuation of lenalidomide and prompt corticosteroid therapy are recommended management strategies.