Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Microbial Wastewater Treatment

Microbial Wastewater Treatment

Microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems play a key role in the natural breakdown of contaminants introduced through domestic and industrial effluents. Acting as biological catalysts, these microbes change and mineralize a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants under different redox conditions.In oxygen-rich surface waters, aerobic heterotrophs lead organic matter breakdown, using oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor to efficiently oxidize substrates to carbon dioxide and water.

Microbial Bioremediation of Plastics

Microbial Bioremediation of Plastics

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a synthetic polymer widely utilized in the packaging industry, particularly for bottles and containers. Due to its chemical stability and durability, PET accumulates in the environment, contributing significantly to plastic pollution. It comprises repeating units of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, resulting in a semi-crystalline structure that is resistant to natural degradation processes.A notable breakthrough in plastic biodegradation came with the...

Microbial Fuel Cells

Microbial Fuel Cells

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bioelectrochemical devices that generate electricity by exploiting the metabolic processes of electrogenic bacteria. These systems provide a renewable energy source and serve as an innovative method for treating organic waste, such as wastewater.A typical MFC consists of two chambers: an anoxic (oxygen-free) compartment that houses the bacteria and an oxic (oxygen-rich) compartment that contains oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. Many MFCs use proton...

Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water

Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water

Biological wastewater treatment relies on the metabolic activity of microorganisms to remove pollutants from sewage. In modern treatment systems, this process is organized into sequential stages that progressively reduce solid material, dissolved organic matter, and microbial contamination. Each stage plays a distinct role in improving water quality and preparing the effluent for safe discharge or reuse.Primary and Secondary TreatmentPrimary treatment is a physical process that removes large...

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis

The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...

Environmental Applications of Microorganisms

Environmental Applications of Microorganisms

Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Composting of organic fraction of municipal solid waste in a three-stage biodegradable composter.

Heliyon·2024

Same author

Seeing the unseen boundary behind you: Predicting the out-of-bounds of flick serves in playing badminton doubles.

Psychology of sport and exercise·2024

Same author

Characterization and removal of microplastics in the Guheshwori Wastewater Treatment Plant, Nepal.

The Science of the total environment·2024

Same author

Female baboon adrenal zona fasciculata and zona reticularis regulatory and functional proteins decrease across the life course.

GeroScience·2024

Same author

Developmental Programming-Aging Interactions Have Sex-Specific and Developmental Stage of Exposure Outcomes on Life Course Circulating Corticosterone and Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Concentrations in Rats Exposed to Maternal Protein-Restricted Diets.

Nutrients·2023

Same author

Analysis of the effects of <i>in-situ</i> chemical oxidation on microbial activity using <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> <i>F1</i>.

Heliyon·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co-Digested with Waste-Activated Sludge Using Respirometry

Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co-Digested with Waste-Activated Sludge Using Respirometry

Published on: April 26, 2024

Municipal solid waste generation in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Mohan B Dangi¹, Christopher R Pretz, Michael A Urynowicz

¹Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. mdangi@csufresno.edu

Journal of Environmental Management

|October 1, 2010

Summary

Kathmandu

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Urban Planning
Waste Management

Background:

Effective waste management in Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC), Nepal, requires understanding waste stream characteristics.
Previous data on municipal solid waste generation in Nepal is limited, necessitating baseline studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate solid waste generation and composition in Kathmandu Metropolitan City.
To establish a baseline for municipal solid waste management in Nepal.

Main Methods:

Utilized three-stage stratified cluster sampling to collect data from 336 households.
Integrated data from households, restaurants, hotels, schools, and street litter.
Analyzed waste composition from various sources.

More Related Videos

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Published on: July 18, 2025

Concentration of Virus Particles from Environmental Water and Wastewater Samples Using Skimmed Milk Flocculation and Ultrafiltration

Concentration of Virus Particles from Environmental Water and Wastewater Samples Using Skimmed Milk Flocculation and Ultrafiltration

Published on: March 17, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co-Digested with Waste-Activated Sludge Using Respirometry

Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co-Digested with Waste-Activated Sludge Using Respirometry

Published on: April 26, 2024

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Published on: July 18, 2025

Concentration of Virus Particles from Environmental Water and Wastewater Samples Using Skimmed Milk Flocculation and Ultrafiltration

Concentration of Virus Particles from Environmental Water and Wastewater Samples Using Skimmed Milk Flocculation and Ultrafiltration

Published on: March 17, 2023

Main Results:

Household waste generation was 497.3 g/capita/day; restaurants, hotels, and schools generated 48.5, 113.3, and 26.1 kg/facility/day, respectively.
Average municipal solid waste generation was 523.8 metric tons/day (0.66 kg/capita/day), significantly higher than the city's reported 320 metric tons/day.
Household waste comprised 71% organic matter, 12% plastics, and 7.5% paper; other sources also showed high organic content.

Conclusions:

High organic waste content indicates significant potential for composting and recycling in KMC.
The study provides crucial baseline data for municipal solid waste management in Nepal.
Findings highlight the need for improved waste management strategies in Kathmandu Metropolitan City.