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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

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A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia
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Coffee and acute ischemic stroke onset: the Stroke Onset Study.

E Mostofsky1, G Schlaug, K J Mukamal

  • 1Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 375 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Neurology
|October 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Drinking coffee transiently doubles the risk of ischemic stroke, especially for infrequent coffee drinkers. This risk is specific to coffee and not seen with tea or cola.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Prior research indicates coffee intake elevates risks for myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death.
  • The association between coffee consumption and ischemic stroke risk remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that caffeine intake is associated with a transiently increased risk of ischemic stroke.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter case-crossover study involving 390 participants (209 men, 181 women) interviewed a median of 3 days post-stroke.
  • Compared coffee consumption in the hour preceding stroke symptoms to the individual's usual annual consumption frequency.

Main Results:

  • Coffee consumption within one hour of stroke onset showed a 2.0-fold increased risk (95% CI, 1.4-2.8).
  • No increased risk was observed for caffeinated tea (RR=0.9) or cola (RR=1.0).
  • The elevated stroke risk was significant for infrequent drinkers (≤1 cup/day) but not for regular consumers, indicating a trend (p=0.002).

Conclusions:

  • Coffee consumption transiently elevates the risk of ischemic stroke onset.
  • This increased risk is particularly notable among individuals who drink coffee infrequently.